Many nations (both NATO and non-NATO members) use the 5.56Ã45mm NATO round in their rifles. Examples include:
- Argentina FARA 83
- Australian F88 Austeyr rifle and F89 Minimi machine gun. (ADI Thales also supplies ammunition)
- Austrian Steyr AUG rifle
- Belgium: CAL, Minimi, FNC, SCAR, F2000.
- Bulgaria: Arsenal AD AR series
- Brazil: IMBEL MD2, LAPA FA-03
- Chinese QBZ-97, QBZ-03, CQ 5.56, QBB-97, KBU-97A
- Canadian Colt Canada C7 rifle, C8 rifle and the C9
- Colombian FaB 556
- Croatia: HS Produkt VHS rifle (VHS-K (short version) and VHS-D (long version))
- Czech Republic: CZ-805 BREN
- French: FAMAS
- Georgian: G5 carbine
- Germany: HK33, HK53, HK13E, HK23E, G41, G36, MG4, HK416
- Indian INSAS rifle
- Indonesian PINDAD SS1 and SS2 rifles
- Iranian KH-2002, Fateh and Nabi assault rifles
- Israeli IMI Negev, IMI Galil and Tavor TAR-21 bullpup rifle
- Italian AR70/90, Franchi mod. 641, SOCIMI AR-831
- Japanese Howa Type 89
- Malaysian VB Berapi LP06 rifle
- Mexican FX-05 Xiuhcoatl rifle
- Peruvian FAD rifle and Diseños Casanave SC-2005
- Philippine MSSR sniper rifle, PVAR rifle, and Special Operations Rifle (SOAR).
- Polish Kbk wz. 1996 Mini-Beryl Beryl wz.96 and MSBS rifles
- Russian AK-101, AK-102, AK-108, AK-12 and KBP A-91
- Serbian M80 M85, M90, M21 and M92
- Singaporean SR-88 and SAR-21 rifles and Ultimax 100 machine gun
- South African Vektor R4 series of rifles and carbines, Truvelo Raptor, Vektor CR-21 rifle and Mini-SS machine gun
- South Korean K2 rifle, K3 light machine gun, and K11 dual-barrel air-burst weapon
- Swedish Ak 5 system, derived from the Belgian FN FNC rifle
- Swiss SIG 530/540/550 series, with lesser performances than the round for which it was initially designed, the Gw Pat.90 cartridge
- Taiwan: T65 Rifle, T86 rifle and T91 Rifle.
- Thailand: Rung Paisarn RPS-001 and Type 11
- Turkish Safir T-15 and Safir T-17
- United Kingdom: Sterling SAR-87, SA80 series rifles.
- US M16 rifle series, M4 Carbine, US/Belgian M249 Squad Automatic Weapon, and US/Belgian Mk. 16 SCAR-L
Examples of rifles marketed for non-military applications that can take the 5.56 cartridge include:
- Bushmaster ACR rifle
- Kel-Tec SU-16 series semi-automatic rifles
- Saiga 223 semi-automatic rifle
- Remington Model 7615 Police Patrol Rifle
- Remington Model 700 series bolt-action rifle
- Ruger Mini-14 semi-automatic rifle
- Steyr Scout series bolt-action rifle
- Winchester Model 70 series bolt-action rifle
- Volquartsen Evolution autoloading competition/varmint rifle
- Smith & Wesson M&P15 semi-automatic AR-15 rifle
- Bushmaster Firearms International#Carbon 15 semi-automatic carbon-polymer-based AR-15 rifle